1. In the lumbar spinal canal of the achondroplast there is decreased cross-sectional area. In addition the intervertebral foramina are narrow. These changes result in reduced area for the dural sac and exiting spinal nerves. 2. There is associated thoracolumbar kyphosis and a lumbosacral hyperlordosis. These sagittal plane changes result in increased tension on the dural sac and nerves. 3. With aging there is disc degeneration with disc space narrowing and osteophyte formation. In addition facet hypertrophy with osteophyte formation are common. These degenerative changes further reduce the size of an already compromised spinal canal and intervertebral foramina. The above understanding of the rmal spinal and anatomy in the achondroplast, and the added effects of aging allow the surgeon to plan a logical treatment regimen for neurological problems in the achondroplast. Fig. 6. Cross-section at the di sc level of an achondroplast (A) and an age matched n-achondroplast (B). The cross-sectional area of the spinal canal is reduced in the achondroplast, with a reduction in the antero- posterior canal (C vs. C 1 ). There is facet hyper- trophy extending into the nerve root canal and into the spinal canal lateral recess (B vs. B 1 ). In ad- dition the nerve root canal is markedly reduced in-the achondroplast (D vs. D1 ). (Reprinted with permis- sion, as of Fig. 5). 225 REFERENCES 1. R. J. Eulert, Scoliosis and kyphosis in dwarfing conditions, Arch. Orthop.Traum. Surg.102:45 (1983).
Product Identifiers
Publisher
Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
ISBN-10
1468487140
ISBN-13
9781468487145
eBay Product ID (ePID)
189497587
Product Key Features
Format
Trade Paperback (US), Paperback
Language
English
Subject
Clinical Medicine: Professional
Dimensions
Weight
972g
Height
254mm
Width
178mm
Additional Product Features
Place of Publication
New York, NY
Spine
26mm
Edited by
Victor Mckusick, Benedetto Nicoletti, Elio Ascani, M. D.
Series Part/Volume Number
48
Series Title
Basic Life Sciences
Content Note
Biography
Date of Publication
26/04/2012
Edition Statement
Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1988
Country of Publication
United States
Genre
Clinical Medicine: Professional
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